Is there a difference between initializing a variable inside / outside setup?

Such as this:

int x;

setup() {
x = 5;
}

and this:

int x = 5;

setup() {
}

Thanks in advance!

... the rule saying that the size() call must be the first one in setup(). For some reason, code before it tends to be run twice, which is annoying when loading a possibly large file.

But why does that occur? Is it because size() internally calls setup() again after setting the size of the sketch, and subsequent calls to size() just skip right through to end?

https://youtube.com/watch?v=h4ApLHe8tbk&index=3&list=PLRqwX-V7Uu6bm-3M4Wntd4yYZGKwiKfrQ

while discussing loops, Daniel creates a sketch that uses the functions size, stroke, background and strokeWeight. In all previous videos these functions were inside of setup but in this video they stand alone at the beginning of the code.

Is there any difference in the way these functions act when inside or outside of setup? If not, what is the purpose of the setup function?

String[] fontList = PFont.list(); printArray(fontList);

But what is the method in python for discovering the font names?

void setup(); { size(200,200); } // With a for loops for (int x = 0; x < width; x+=10) { for (int y = 0; y < height; y+=10) { noStroke(); fill(random(255)); rect(x,y,10,10); } }

i have exactly the same code and the frame example for controlp5, but i keep getting flagged for this error and i don't see what is wrong. the example works just fine. i am using processing 2.X. i would appreciate and extra pair of eyes.

import java.awt.Frame;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;

import controlP5.*;

private ControlP5 cp5;

ControlFrame interfaceControl;


void setup()  //unexpected token: void
{
    size(1280, 720, OPENGL);

    cp5 = new ControlP5(this);
    interfaceControl = addControlFrame("interfaceControl", 1024, 768);
}

void draw()
{
    background(0);
}

ControlFrame addControlFrame(String theName, int theWidth, int theHeight) {
    Frame f = new Frame(theName);
    ControlFrame p = new ControlFrame(this, theWidth, theHeight);
    f.add(p);
    p.init();
    f.setTitle(theName);
    f.setSize(p.w, p.h);
    f.setLocation(width/2, height/2);
    f.setResizable(false);
    f.setVisible(true);
    return p;
}

public class ControlFrame extends PApplet {
    int w, h;

    int thumbX = 11;
    int thumbY = 5;

    PImage [] hThumbsFiles;
    PImage [] vThumbsFiles;

    File horizontalThumbsFolder;
    File verticalThumbsFolder;

    String [] horizontalThumbsFilenames;
    String [] verticalThumbsFilenames;

    public void setup() {
        size(w, h);
        frameRate(30);

        cp5 = new ControlP5(this);

        hThumbsFiles = new PImage[horizontalImageFiles.length];
        vThumbsFiles = new PImage[verticalImageFiles.length];

        horizontalThumbsFolder = new File(sketchPath("data/images/hThumbnails/"));
        verticalThumbsFolder = new File(sketchPath("data/images/vThumbnails/"));

        char seperator = '.';

        horizontalThumbsFilenames = horizontalThumbsFolder.list();
        verticalThumbsFilenames = verticalThumbsFolder.list();
        //println("files: " + (horizontalThumbsFilenames.length) + ", " + (verticalThumbsFilenames.length) );

        for(int i = 0; i < horizontalThumbsFilenames.length; i ++)
        {
            horizontalThumbsFilenames[i] = horizontalThumbsFilenames[i].substring(0, horizontalThumbsFilenames[i].indexOf(seperator));
            hThumbsFiles[i] = requestImage("data/images/hThumbnails/" + horizontalThumbsFilenames[i] + ".jpg");

            verticalThumbsFilenames[i] = verticalThumbsFilenames[i].substring(0, verticalThumbsFilenames[i].indexOf(seperator));
            vThumbsFiles[i] = requestImage("data/images/vThumbnails/v" + verticalThumbsFilenames[i] + ".jpg");
            // println(i + ": " + horizontalThumbsFilenames[i] + ", " + verticalThumbsFilenames[i]);
            // println();   
        }

        cp5.printPublicMethodsFor(Matrix.class);

        cp5.addMatrix("matrixH")
        .setPosition(142, 100)
        .setSize(320, 140) //275, 125, 5, 5
        .setGrid(thumbX, thumbY)
        .setGap(5, 5)
        .setMode(ControlP5.MULTIPLES)
        for(int i = index; index < thumbX * thumbY; index ++) {
            .setImage(hThumbsFiles[i])
        }
        .setBackground(color(0))
        ;

        cp5.addMatrix("matrixV")
        .setPosition(562, 100)
        .setSize(320, 140) //275, 125, 5, 5
        .setGrid(thumbX, thumbY)
        .setGap(5, 5)
        .setMode(ControlP5.MULTIPLES)
        for(int i = index; index < thumbX * thumbY; index ++) {
            .setImage(vThumbsFiles[i])
        }
        .setBackground(color(0))
        ;

        cp5.getController("matrixH").getCaptionLabel().alignX(CENTER);
        cp5.getController("matrixV").getCaptionLabel().alignX(CENTER);
    }

    public void draw() {
        background(0);
    }

    private ControlFrame() {

    }

    public ControlFrame(Object theParent, int theWidth, int theHeight) {
        parent = theParent;
        w = theWidth;
        h = theHeight;
    }

    public ControlP5 control() {
        return cp5;
    }

    ControlP5 cp5;
    Object parent;
}

thanks in advance,

destro

One of my colleagues who had just been using the Processing IDE had a simple example where they were loading an image inside the setup() method as follows:

        size(400, 400);
        img = loadImage("cat.jpg");//load image
        image(img, 0,0);

and indeed the image would be drawn.

However, the same thing does not work if we run this directly as a Java program and in particular, the call "image(img, 0, 0)" has to be inside the draw() method rather than the setup() method.

Now, that actually wasn't a surprise to me and indeed in the online documentation for PImage it's quite clear that the call SHOULD be inside the draw() method. My recommendation to my colleague is to do it right and put the call in draw()!

However, I'm still curious as to why it works in the setup() in processing but not in Java. I noted that if I don't include an @Override version of draw() but put a call to draw() at the end of the setup() method, the image does draw, although very pixelated.

There must be some extra behind-the-scenes stuff going on. I looked for some calls for explicitly redrawing/repainting (found redraw() which didn't seem to do anything).

I realize there's an ANTLR preprocessor involved and perhaps some extra code is being injected into the end of the setup() method.

Thanks in advance.

So, here's my code:

PFont f;
PImage img;

void setup() {
  size(displayWidth, displayHeight);

  img = loadImage("korona42.png");
}

void draw() {
  background(255);
  f = loadFont("Kristen-ITC.ttf");
  textFont(f, displayWidth/18);
  fill(0);
  text("KÖNIG  DEUTSCH", displayWidth/2-displayWidth/18/1.5*7, displayHeight/2);
  image(img, width/4.2, height*8.7/24, displayWidth/18, displayWidth/18/1.5);
}

Application doesn't work and that was written:

_debug:
java.lang.NullPointerException: in == null
    at libcore.io.Streams.readFully(Streams.java:74)
    at java.io.DataInputStream.readInt(DataInputStream.java:124)
    at processing.core.PFont.<init>(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.loadFont(Unknown Source)
    at processing.test.logo.LOGO.draw(LOGO.java:30)
    at processing.core.PApplet.handleDraw(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PGraphicsAndroid2D.requestDraw(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:838)
java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not load font Kristen-ITC.ttf. Make sure that the font has been copied to the data folder of your sketch.
    at processing.core.PApplet.die(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.die(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.loadFont(Unknown Source)
    at processing.test.logo.LOGO.draw(LOGO.java:30)
    at processing.core.PApplet.handleDraw(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PGraphicsAndroid2D.requestDraw(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:838)
FATAL EXCEPTION: Animation Thread
java.lang.RuntimeException: Could not load font Kristen-ITC.ttf. Make sure that the font has been copied to the data folder of your sketch.
    at processing.core.PApplet.die(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.die(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.loadFont(Unknown Source)
    at processing.test.logo.LOGO.draw(LOGO.java:30)
    at processing.core.PApplet.handleDraw(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PGraphicsAndroid2D.requestDraw(Unknown Source)
    at processing.core.PApplet.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:838)_

Where's my mistake?? Help please! I don't understand! [-O< :-S