Use translate() in the start of the draw() method to change the drawing origin.

Calls to translate() will compound upon previous calls. So, in this case, you aren't moving the translation at all. If you want to reset the matrix, call resetMatrix(). Also, at the beginning of every draw() cycle, the translation is reset to (0, 0).

The picture on the right shows the two possible displays from the sketch code below. Clicking the mouse button flips between them.

In the left picture no translation has been applied and the green box is not visible because its coordinates are offscreen.

In the right picture the only difference is that the matrix has been translated by [120,150] before drawing. The green box is now visible.

It is often the case that some graphical elements (e.g. 2D controls such as a check box) should always appear in the same place. In this sketch this is simulated with the blue circle.

To get this effect I have used the pushMatrix function tol save the matrix before translation and the popMatrix which restores the last saved matrix. BTW it is important that there is a popMatrix for every pushMatrix and vica-versa.

1. int tx, ty;
2. 
   
3. void setup() {
4.   size(300, 300);
5.   tx = 0;
6.   ty = 0;
7. }
8. 
   
9. void draw() {
10.   background(0);
11.   pushMatrix(); // Save the matrix
12.   translate(tx, ty);
13.   // Two yellow shapes
14.   fill(255, 255, 0);
15.   ellipse(100, 140, 30, 40);
16.   rect(30, 10, 100, 30);
17.   // Green shape
18.   fill(0, 255, 0);
19.   rect (-40, - 80, 30, 70);
20.   popMatrix();  // Restore the matrix
21.   // Everything drawn after this will not move
22.   fill(0, 0, 255);
23.   ellipse(150, 150, 20, 20);
24. }
25. 
    
26. void mouseClicked() {
27.   if (tx == 0) {
28.     tx = 120;
29.     ty = 150;
30.   }
31.   else {
32.     tx = 0;
33.     ty = 0;
34.   }
35. }

HTH